Europe is the second smallest continent in the world. It borders the Arctic Ocean in the north, the Atlantic Ocean in the west and the Mediterranean Sea in the south.

It’s made up of 50 countries and over 742 million people.


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Over 200 languages are spoken in Europe. English, Spanish, French and German are among some of these. 

 

Big and small

The largest country in Europe is Russia. Russia is partly in Europe and partly in Asia.

The smallest country is Vatican City, it’s home to the Pope and is also the smallest country in the world.

Greenland is Europe’s largest island, it’s also the world’s largest island.


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Rivers, mountains and lakes

The highest mountain in Europe is Mount Elbrus in Russia. Russia is also home to Europe’s longest river, the Volga River.

Guess where you can find Europe’s biggest lake?... Russia again! It’s called Lake Ladoga and is one of the biggest freshwater lakes in the world.

 

European landscape

The landscape in Europe changes from country to country. There are snow-capped mountains in Switzerland, flowery countrysides in England and breathtaking fjords in Norway. A fjord is a narrow passage between steep cliffs that is created by a glacier.


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The weather in Europe varies from country to country. Northern countries like Finland can be very cold and snowy but countries like Spain and Italy, in Southern Europe, can be extremely hot and dry. 

 

What is Europe famous for?

Europe is famous for the ancient Greek and Roman civilisations, its buildings, museums and castles, beautiful countrysides and its kings and queens. It’s one of the most multicultural places on Earth and is known as the home of democracy. Democracy is a type of government where people choose who they want to rule the country.